In practice, the web browser or other runtime system provides JavaScript APIs for I/O. The ECMAScript standard does not include any input/output (I/O), such as networking, storage, or graphics facilities. It has application programming interfaces (APIs) for working with text, dates, regular expressions, standard data structures, and the Document Object Model (DOM). It is multi-paradigm, supporting event-driven, functional, and imperative programming styles. It has dynamic typing, prototype-based object-orientation, and first-class functions. JavaScript is a high-level, often just-in-time compiled language that conforms to the ECMAScript standard. All major web browsers have a dedicated JavaScript engine to execute the code on users' devices.

As of 2022, 98% of websites use JavaScript on the client side for webpage behavior, often incorporating third-party libraries.

JavaScript ( / ˈ dʒ ɑː v ə s k r ɪ p t/), often abbreviated to JS, is a programming language that is one of the core technologies of the World Wide Web, alongside HTML and CSS. Java, Scheme, Self, AWK, HyperTalk ĪctionScript, AssemblyScript, CoffeeScript, Dart, Haxe, JS++, Objective-J, Opa, TypeScript publications-and-standards /standards /ecma-262 /

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